We have mapped five – at times interrelated – approaches to the critique of hegemonic species/biodiversity conservation:
- critical engagements focusing on colonial histories of conservation efforts and paradigms
- critical perspectives exploring the increasing securitization and militarization happening in the wake or under the guise of environmental protection and nature conservation, such as surveillance and anti-poaching efforts
- focus on the incursion of neoliberal logics and the increasing privatization and marketization of conservation measures
- consideration of the legal frameworks, international treaties and associated institutions and organizations, including powerful NGOs such as WWF and Nature Conservancy
- alternative methods of conservation, such as “convivial conservation”
